Study on Rheology Properties, Durability and Microstructure of UHPSCC Contains Garnet, Basalt, and Pozzolan

Document Type : Regular Paper

Authors

1 Department of Civil Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran

2 Department of Civil Engineering, University of Qom, Qom, Iran

Abstract

This study evaluates the rheology and mechanical properties and durability of concrete, which at the same time has properties of three types of self-compacting concrete (SCC), fiber-reinforced and ultra-high performance. This concrete contains pozzolans, garnet and basalt aggregates, and steel fiber. The purpose of this research is feasibility construction fiber-reinforced ultra-high performance self-compacting concrete (UHPSCC) of durable. Therefore, the required tests on this concrete have been carried out in two steps. The first step is the importance of rheology properties of self-compacting concrete, containing the tests of fresh concrete including slump flow, V-funnel test, and L-box test. The second step involves tests related to the determination of hardened concrete properties divided into two parts. The first part corresponds to the mech­anical properties test, including compressive strength, and the second part pertains to durability tests (surface water absorption, surface electrical resistivity and RCMT) and microstructural test, including Scanning Electron Microscopy. The above tests show that this type of concrete has rheology properties in the acceptable range EFNARC, ultra-high compressive strength, negligible surface water absorption, minimal chlorine ion migration coefficient, and very high-level electrical resistance has this type of concrete in the ultra-high concrete cluster.

Keywords

Main Subjects


[1]     Bibm, C.; ERMCO, E. (2005). EFNARC: The European Guidelines for Self Compacting Concrete, Specification, Production and Use, Vol. 63
[2]     Lachemi, M.; Hossain, K. M. A.; Lambros, V.; Bouzoubaa, N. (2003). Development of cost-effective self-consolidating concrete incorporating fly ash, slag cement, or viscosity-modifying admixtures, Materials Journal, Vol. 100, No. 5, 419–425
[3]     Okamura, H.; Ouchi, M. (1998). Self‐compacting high performance concrete, Progress in Structural Engineering and Materials, Vol. 1, No. 4, 378–383
[4]     Varela, H.; Barluenga, G.; Palomar, I. (2020). Influence of nanoclays on flowability and rheology of SCC pastes, Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 243, 118285
[5]     Megid, W. A.; Khayat, K. H. (2019). Effect of structural buildup at rest of self-consolidating concrete on mechanical and transport properties of multilayer casting, Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 196, 626–636
[6]     Vos, M.; Torres, E.; Alrashidi, R. S.; Riding, K.; Hamilton, T. (2019). Evaluation of bond strength of joints in hybrid uhpc and scc members, International Interactive Symposium on Ultra-High Performance Concrete (Vol. 2), Iowa State University Digital Press
[7]     Habel, K.; Viviani, M.; Denarié, E.; Brühwiler, E. (2006). Development of the mechanical properties of an ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC), Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 36, No. 7, 1362–1370
[8]     Wille, K.; Naaman, A. E.; Parra-Montesinos, G. J. (2011). Ultra-High Performance Concrete with Compressive Strength Exceeding 150 MPa (22 ksi): A Simpler Way., ACI Materials Journal, Vol. 108, No. 1
[9]     de Larrard, F.; Sedran, T. (1994). Optimization of ultra-high-performance concrete by the use of a packing model, Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 24, No. 6, 997–1009
[10]   Meng, W.; Valipour, M.; Khayat, K. H. (2017). Optimization and performance of cost-effective ultra-high performance concrete, Materials and Structures, Vol. 50, No. 1, 1–16
[11]   Kovler, K.; Roussel, N. (2011). Properties of fresh and hardened concrete, Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 41, No. 7, 775–792
[12]   Mikanovic, N.; Jolicoeur, C. (2008). Influence of superplasticizers on the rheology and stability of limestone and cement pastes, Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 38, No. 7, 907–919
[13]   Jiao, D.; Shi, C.; Yuan, Q.; An, X.; Liu, Y.; Li, H. (2017). Effect of constituents on rheological properties of fresh concrete-A review, Cement and Concrete Composites, Vol. 83, 146–159
[14]   Khaksefidi, S.; Ghalehnovi, M. (2020). Effect of Reinforcement Type on the Tension Stiffening Model of Ultra - High Performance Concrete ( UHPC ), Vol. 3, 72–86. doi:10.22075/JRCE.2020.19420.1368
[15]   Ahmadi, N.; Yazdandoust, M.; Yazdani, M. (2021). Simultaneous Effect of Aggregate and Cement Matrix on the Performance of High Strength Concrete, Journal of Rehabilitation in Civil Engineering, 26–39
[16]   Falahtabar, M.; Tavakoli, H. R. (2018). Estimation of Mechanical and Durability Properties of Self - Compacting Concrete with Fibers Using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity, Vol. 2, 43–53. doi:10.22075/JRCE.2018.798.1099
[17]   Ding, M.; Yu, R.; Feng, Y.; Wang, S.; Zhou, F.; Shui, Z.; Gao, X.; He, Y.; Chen, L. (2021). Possibility and advantages of producing an ultra-high performance concrete ( UHPC ) with ultra-low cement content, Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 273, 122023. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.122023
[18]   Huang, H.; Gao, X.; Teng, L. (2021). Fiber alignment and its effect on mechanical properties of UHPC : An overview, Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 296, 123741. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123741
[19]   Teng, L.; Meng, W.; Khayat, K. H. (2020). Cement and Concrete Research Rheology control of ultra-high-performance concrete made with different fiber contents, Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 138, No. July, 106222. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2020.106222
[20]   Wu, Z.; Khayat, K. H.; Shi, C. (2019). Changes in rheology and mechanical properties of ultra-high performance concrete with silica fume content, Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 123, No. October 2018, 105786. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2019.105786
[21]   Roussel, N.; Coussot, P. (2005). “Fifty-cent rheometer” for yield stress measurements: from slump to spreading flow, Journal of Rheology, Vol. 49, No. 3, 705–718
[22]   Ferrara, L.; Cremonesi, M.; Tregger, N.; Frangi, A.; Shah, S. P. (2012). On the identification of rheological properties of cement suspensions: Rheometry, Computational Fluid Dynamics modeling and field test measurements, Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 42, No. 8, 1134–1146
[23]   Choi, M. S.; Lee, J. S.; Ryu, K. S.; Koh, K.-T.; Kwon, S. H. (2016). Estimation of rheological properties of UHPC using mini slump test, Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 106, 632–639
[24]   Jalal, M.; Teimortashlu, E.; Grasley, Z. (2019). Performance-based design and optimization of rheological and strength properties of self-compacting cement composite incorporating micro/nano admixtures, Composites Part B: Engineering, Vol. 163, 497–510
[25]   Yahia, A.; Khayat, K. H. (2003). Applicability of rheological models to high-performance grouts containing supplementary cementitious materials and viscosity enhancing admixture, Materials and Structures, Vol. 36, No. 6, 402–412
[26]   Yahia, A. (2011). Shear-thickening behavior of high-performance cement grouts—Influencing mix-design parameters, Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 41, No. 3, 230–235
[27]   Gerland, F.; Schleiting, M.; Schomberg, T.; Wünsch, O.; Wetzel, A.; Middendorf, B. (2019). The effect of fiber geometry and concentration on the flow properties of UHPC, Rheology and Processing of Construction Materials, Springer, 482–490
[28]   Matos, A. M.; Nunes, S.; Costa, C.; Barroso-Aguiar, J. L. (2019). Characterization of non-proprietary UHPC for use in rehabilitation/strengthening applications, Rheology and Processing of Construction Materials, Springer, 552–559
[29]   Yu, R.; Van Onna, D. V; Spiesz, P.; Yu, Q. L.; Brouwers, H. J. H. (2016). Development of ultra-lightweight fibre reinforced concrete applying expanded waste glass, Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 112, 690–701
[30]   Fuller, W. B.; Thompson, S. E. (1907). The laws of proportioning concrete, Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 59, No. 2, 67–143
[31]   Andreasen, A. H. M. (1930). Über die Beziehung zwischen Kornabstufung und Zwischenraum in Produkten aus losen Körnern (mit einigen Experimenten), Kolloid-Zeitschrift, Vol. 50, No. 3, 217–228
[32]   Kurt, A. (2021). Implementation of Ultra-High Performance Concrete in Long-Span Precast Pretensioned Structural Elements for Buildings, North Carolina State University
[33]   Alkaysi, M.; El-Tawil, S. (2016). Effects of variations in the mix constituents of ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) on cost and performance, Materials and Structures, Vol. 49, No. 10, 4185–4200
[34]   Looney, T.; McDaniel, A.; Volz, J.; Floyd, R. (2019). Development and characterization of ultra-high performance concrete with slag cement for use as bridge joint material, Development, Vol. 1, No. 02
[35]   Parichatprecha, R.; Nimityongskul, P. (2009). Analysis of durability of high performance concrete using artificial neural networks, Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 23, No. 2, 910–917
[36]   Venkatakrishnaiah, R.; Sakthivel, G. (2015). Bulk utilization of flyash in self compacting concrete, KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol. 19, No. 7, 2116–2120
[37]   Arora, A.; Aguayo, M.; Hansen, H.; Castro, C.; Federspiel, E.; Mobasher, B.; Neithalath, N. (2018). Microstructural packing-and rheology-based binder selection and characterization for Ultra-high Performance Concrete (UHPC), Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 103, 179–190
[38]   Janković, K.; Stanković, S.; Bojović, D.; Stojanović, M.; Antić, L. (2016). The influence of nano-silica and barite aggregate on properties of ultra high performance concrete, Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 126, 147–156
[39]   EFNARC, S. (2002). Guidelines for self-compacting concrete, London, UK: Association House, Vol. 32, 34
[40]   Concrete, S.-C. (2005). The European guidelines for self-compacting concrete, BIBM, et Al, Vol. 22
[41]   BS EN 12390-3:2019 Testing hardened concrete. Compressive strength of test specimens, British Standards Institution - Publication Index | NBS. (2019), 12390
[42]   Institution, B. S. (1998). Testing Concrete: Recommendations for the Determination of the Initial Surface Absorption of Concrete, BSI
[43]   Build, N. (1999). 492. Concrete, mortar and cement-based repair materials: Chloride migration coefficient from non-steady-state migration experiments, Nordtest Method, Vol. 492, No. 10